ARM for the future?
  • Paladin of the Pegasos
    Paladin of the Pegasos
    Intuition
    Posts: 1110 from 2013/5/24
    From: Nederland
    Quote:

    Andreas_Wolf wrote:
    >>> No different to running 68k binaries on PPC with Trance really.

    >> Pretty big difference, Nick. The PPCs we run Trance on run many times faster than a
    >> 68K processor. The ARM processors will be running at comparable speeds (or slower)
    >> to an X64. Which, with the overhead, will mean X86 apps will run slowly on ARM.

    > It's like it's running native ARM code.

    Even if this was true (which I don't think it is as there simply must be emulation overhead),


    Like means ‘similar to’. We often use it with verbs of the senses such as look, sound, feel, taste, seem:

    My sister is like my mother. (My sister and my mother are similar)

    I think this tastes like coconut.

    That looks like Marco’s car.

    He seems like a nice man.

    When we use like to mean ‘similar to’, we can put words and phrase such as a bit, just, very, so and more before it to talk about the degree of similarity:

    It’s a bit like skiing but there’s no snow.

    Isn’t that just like the bike we bought you for your birthday?

    That smells very like garlic.

    The car was more like a green than a blue colour.Vv

    Quote:

    it's still different to "running 68k binaries on PPC with Trance" for the reason Jim mentioned.


    It's very much like Trance. The x86 binary is dynamically recompiled and calls native ARM libraries as though they were x86 libraries.

    Quote:


    > https://youtu.be/A_GlGglbu1U

    No side-by-side comparison with native x86 speed (or native ARM speed for that matter).



    Your entire post is based on your misunderstanding of the meaning of the word 'like' as used in this context.

    See the dictionary definition of the word as quoted above:

    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/common-verbs/like
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  • »10.12.16 - 11:25
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    Andreas_Wolf
    Posts: 12085 from 2003/5/22
    From: Germany
    >>>>>> X86 emulation via an ARM processor? Sounds ugly. [...] the real question is
    >>>>>> will they be competitive?

    >>>>> No different to running 68k binaries on PPC with Trance really.

    >>>> Pretty big difference, Nick. The PPCs we run Trance on run many times faster than a
    >>>> 68K processor. The ARM processors will be running at comparable speeds (or slower)
    >>>> to an X64. Which, with the overhead, will mean X86 apps will run slowly on ARM.

    >>> It's like it's running native ARM code.

    >> Even if this was true (which I don't think it is as there simply must be emulation overhead)

    > Like means ‘similar to’.

    I know. Jim's point you were replying to was about competitiveness of this emulation solution, aka relative execution speed. And I doubt that the execution speed of x86 code on ARM is in any way similar to the execution speed of native ARM code on the same ARM CPU for the simple reason that there must be significant emulation overhead.
    The fact that Microsoft's video only shows situations where this overhead doesn't seem perceptible is not surprising at all, after all that's the very purpose of that video. I'm sure eventually there will be independent side-by-side comparisons with native ARM code on the same ARM CPU and with the same x86 code on current x86(-64) CPUs. That's when we will know. Until this point I will maintain my opinion (which is shared by knowledgable people, btw).

    >> it's still different to "running 68k binaries on PPC with Trance" for the reason
    >> Jim mentioned.

    > It's very much like Trance. The x86 binary is dynamically recompiled and calls
    > native ARM libraries as though they were x86 libraries.

    As I see it, Jim was talking about the anticipated speed of that solution, not about the implementation concept.

    >>> https://youtu.be/A_GlGglbu1U

    >> No side-by-side comparison with native x86 speed (or native ARM speed for that matter).

    > Your entire post is based on your misunderstanding of the meaning of
    > the word 'like' as used in this context.

    I think your entire post is based on your misunderstanding of what Jim and I have been referring to. And I'm going to spare you the link to the Wikipedia article about hardware emulation ;-)
  • »10.12.16 - 12:53
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  • Jim
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    Jim
    Posts: 4977 from 2009/1/28
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    Thanks Andreas, at least you seem to understand my point that there will be overhead that will negatively affect ARM running X86 code.
    How much I can't guess, although if it is converting OS calls to native ARM calls that will help.
    But we are still dealing with cpus of comparable power as opposed to the disparity between the PPC and the 68K.

    However, until more Windows packages are ported over to ARM, this will be a very useful functionality.

    I could see using it.
    At least on some hardware, as my future seems to be primarily tied to X64.
    "Never attribute to malice what can more readily explained by incompetence"
  • »10.12.16 - 17:14
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  • Paladin of the Pegasos
    Paladin of the Pegasos
    Intuition
    Posts: 1110 from 2013/5/24
    From: Nederland
    Snapdragon 835

    http://www.twitlonger.com/show/n_1spgd0k
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  • »03.01.17 - 15:30
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  • Paladin of the Pegasos
    Paladin of the Pegasos
    Intuition
    Posts: 1110 from 2013/5/24
    From: Nederland
    Quote:

    Intuition wrote:

    Snapdragon 835

    http://www.twitlonger.com/show/n_1spgd0k


    Apparently Microsoft themselves designed the hardware x86 emulator inside the 835.

    http://www.pcworld.com/article/3148191/windows/microsoft-qualcomm-deal-finally-puts-windows-10-and-win32-apps-on-arm-devices.html
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  • »06.01.17 - 23:19
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    takemehomegrandma
    Posts: 2720 from 2003/2/24
    Quote:

    minator wrote:

    In other news Windows 10 will run on ARM, complete with x86 emulator. ARM is heading back to the desktop!


    Quote:

    Intuition wrote:
    Quote:

    Intuition wrote:

    Snapdragon 835

    http://www.twitlonger.com/show/n_1spgd0k


    Apparently Microsoft themselves designed the hardware x86 emulator inside the 835.

    http://www.pcworld.com/article/3148191/windows/microsoft-qualcomm-deal-finally-puts-windows-10-and-win32-apps-on-arm-devices.html


    "Why this matters: Though the PC may be in decline, two growth segments have been low-cost (priced between $200 and $300) and two-in-one laptops."

    "Microsoft said Thursday morning that it's partnered with Qualcomm to enable new, low-cost PCs. These are intended to replace Windows tablets built around Intel’s Atom, a chip the company's essentially discontinued."

    IMHO, Microsoft is really showing persistence with their ARM ambitions! :-) It didn't play out well the last time, now they are back with a new strategy. Who knows, maybe x86 emulation may just be the stepping stone the doctor ordered, on the way to "native". It has worked before, for others. ;-)

    It's already looking very much usable (https://youtu.be/A_GlGglbu1U) although it's obviously not the speed they are aiming at, since the CPU's are simply not here for about another year.

    Microsoft's persistence and ambitions (and their x86 emulator of course) may very well inspire a broader range of ARM CPU manufacturers to develop chips more suitable for PC's and laptops than "just" cellphones etc? Apple's designs is for sure a source of inspiration, and 10nm will of course play its part!

    ARM for the future?

    ;-)
    MorphOS is Amiga done right! :-)
    MorphOS NG will be AROS done right! :-)
  • »07.01.17 - 00:41
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    takemehomegrandma
    Posts: 2720 from 2003/2/24
    Quote:

    Intuition wrote:

    the hardware x86 emulator inside the 835.


    I don't think this is correct?

    Maybe I missed something in the article (and/or elsewhere), but

    1. "hardware X86 emulator" (your words) and "X86 hardware emulator" (the article) is a difference in semantics that actually matters

    2. JIT translation in SW makes sense. A JIT is a program that can look through a binary stream ahead of execution and "recompile" and optimize it to native binaries (using the entire palette of available native registers etc). Can a CPU do the same thing as efficient at runtime? JIT in SW is a proven concept. "Built-in emulation" in CPU's are AFAIK not. SW JIT's can be updated easily, CPU silicon not so, and the investments needed to make a CPU design is kind of huge, measured by any wallet.

    3. "Microsoft released a video showing off how the current Snapdragon 820 runs Windows 10 Enterprise, via its emulator." The emulator is obviously already running, meaning it's SW (most certainly JIT).

    4. The author of that article is perhaps a bit confused himself, mentioning Transmeta, etc for no obvious reason? Wasn't Transmeta more of an op-code thing than something comparable to a modern SW JIT?
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    MorphOS NG will be AROS done right! :-)
  • »07.01.17 - 01:01
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    takemehomegrandma
    Posts: 2720 from 2003/2/24
    The purpose of this thread has from the beginning been to try to predict how the ARM architecture is scaling upwards and growing into new markets, [constantly] a few years down the road.

    To summarize a bit:

    The x86 PC market has been in decline for a couple of years. Other kind of devices appeal, and desktop CPU performance has kind of been "enough" for many people for a long time, meaning less need for new HW.

    But as the closest above article mentions, "Though the PC may be in decline, two growth segments have been low-cost (priced between $200 and $300) and two-in-one laptops."

    The PC is mainly consisting of Core i7 (expensive, mainly targeting the most demanding rendering applications and workstations where multi-threading is key), Core i5 (essentially like i7, less multi-threading but more suitable for high end gaming and "normal" power users) and the low-cost Core i3 (that is probably is enough for the general usage of some 90% of PC users today). Then there is various Core m CPU's, with ambitious marketing labels aiming to resemble the desktop market segments, but not really being so. Do you agree with this analysis?

    With the general decline of the PC market and the new and renewed ARM efforts from Microsoft (including x86 emulation, IDE/framework/compiler development) and CPU manufacturers, with the drop of Atom, etc, do you agree that ARM could very well be taking over the current Core i3 and Core m segments kind of "soon"?

    In this very thread, the first of the "ARM NG" CPU from Apple easily compared to a laptop Core m7 in that chess game application, its design and execution model surely compared to a Core i7, and the generations that followed from Apple has proven comparable or even surpassing the existing lower-end laptops and older desktop PC's, even while running battery powered and passively cooled!

    It has been said that the Sam460 port of MorphOS forced a general cleanup and modification to the source code of MorphOS that made it possible to bring up MorphOS running on the X5000 in a matter of hours instead of a matter of weeks. I believe that a drop of Amiga Legacy compatibility and 64-bit adaptions etc will make the sources even more clean and platform agnostic, no matter what the target platform currently is. This too is certainly a good thing.

    My main platform has been x86 for years, my next computer will be x86 as well (very soon). But as x86 continues to evolve, far beyond the needs of general people, maybe x86 will be more heading into "POWER" market territory a few years from now (not that it isn't already there technologically, I'm talking about *market* focus), while ARM will conquer the broader, general computer needs for general people?

    Maybe the focus of future MorphOS versions should be "Agnostic" rather than "x64"? Would put some demands on development environment etc to make a single source run on multiple platforms (like Linux). But maybe they are already going there?
    MorphOS is Amiga done right! :-)
    MorphOS NG will be AROS done right! :-)
  • »07.01.17 - 02:21
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    Andreas_Wolf
    Posts: 12085 from 2003/5/22
    From: Germany
    >> the hardware x86 emulator inside the 835.

    > I don't think this is correct?

    Me neither.
  • »07.01.17 - 02:39
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  • Paladin of the Pegasos
    Paladin of the Pegasos
    Intuition
    Posts: 1110 from 2013/5/24
    From: Nederland
    Quote:

    takemehomegrandma wrote:
    Quote:

    Intuition wrote:

    the hardware x86 emulator inside the 835.


    I don't think this is correct?

    Maybe I missed something in the article (and/or elsewhere), but

    1. "hardware X86 emulator" (your words) and "X86 hardware emulator" (the article) is a difference in semantics that actually matters

    2. JIT translation in SW makes sense. A JIT is a program that can look through a binary stream ahead of execution and "recompile" and optimize it to native binaries (using the entire palette of available native registers etc). Can a CPU do the same thing as efficient at runtime? JIT in SW is a proven concept. "Built-in emulation" in CPU's are AFAIK not. SW JIT's can be updated easily, CPU silicon not so, and the investments needed to make a CPU design is kind of huge, measured by any wallet.

    3. "Microsoft released a video showing off how the current Snapdragon 820 runs Windows 10 Enterprise, via its emulator." The emulator is obviously already running, meaning it's SW (most certainly JIT).

    4. The author of that article is perhaps a bit confused himself, mentioning Transmeta, etc for no obvious reason? Wasn't Transmeta more of an op-code thing than something comparable to a modern SW JIT?




    I think it's more likely that the 835 has added instructions that aid the software emulation than and actual "hardware emulator" in the vein of the Crusoe.
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  • »07.01.17 - 16:16
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    Andreas_Wolf
    Posts: 12085 from 2003/5/22
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    > I think it's more likely that the 835 has added instructions that aid the software emulation

    Sounds unlikely to me. So far I've not seen or read any evidence in favour of that assumption.
  • »07.01.17 - 17:02
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  • Order of the Butterfly
    Order of the Butterfly
    minator
    Posts: 365 from 2003/3/28
    Quote:

    Andreas_Wolf wrote:

    Sounds unlikely to me. So far I've not seen or read any evidence in favour of that assumption.


    Adding instructions is forbidden by any licence they have with ARM.

    In any case, the CPU cores are modded ARM cores (IIRC A73s).


    One thing that's really interesting about this is that it's built on a Samsung 10nm process. Intel has had the process lead for years but this time Intel will be 3rd, and even then one of the things they'll be building is ...ARM chips.
  • »07.01.17 - 19:52
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    Henes
    Posts: 507 from 2003/6/14
    Quote:

    takemehomegrandma wrote:
    Maybe the focus of future MorphOS versions should be "Agnostic" rather than "x64"? Would put some demands on development environment etc to make a single source run on multiple platforms (like Linux). But maybe they are already going there?


    I think it was already mentioned several times that no architecture choice was ever made (beside PPC for current MorphOS). The OS should be written first...
  • »07.01.17 - 21:34
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    Andreas_Wolf
    Posts: 12085 from 2003/5/22
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    > the CPU cores are modded ARM cores (IIRC A73s).

    I've never read or heard from a reliable source that cores which are created on the base of an ISA license (like Qualcomm's Kryo is) are modified ARM Ltd. cores. This doesn't sound plausible to me, even when the ISA licensee is a core licensee at the same time (like Qualcomm is).
  • »07.01.17 - 22:46
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  • Paladin of the Pegasos
    Paladin of the Pegasos
    Intuition
    Posts: 1110 from 2013/5/24
    From: Nederland
    Quote:

    Andreas_Wolf wrote:
    > I think it's more likely that the 835 has added instructions that aid the software emulation

    Sounds unlikely to me. So far I've not seen or read any evidence in favour of that assumption.



    It's more likely than an on-die hardware emulation of an x86 CPU.
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  • »08.01.17 - 01:19
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  • Order of the Butterfly
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    ppcamiga1
    Posts: 215 from 2015/8/23
    Future version od morphos should be unix with amiga gui and graphics.
    Of course Future version od morphos should be cpu agnostic.
    After API change to not compatibile with old software, it is stupid to restrict morphos to particular cpu or motherboard.
  • »08.01.17 - 06:47
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    Andreas_Wolf
    Posts: 12085 from 2003/5/22
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    >>> I think it's more likely that the 835 has added instructions that aid the software emulation

    >> Sounds unlikely to me. So far I've not seen or read any evidence in favour of that
    >> assumption.

    > It's more likely than an on-die hardware emulation of an x86 CPU.

    ...but still less likely than there being neither "added instructions that aid the software emulation" nor "an on-die hardware emulation of an x86 CPU".
  • »08.01.17 - 10:44
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    Andreas_Wolf
    Posts: 12085 from 2003/5/22
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    > Future version od morphos should be cpu agnostic. [...] it is stupid to restrict morphos
    > to particular [...] motherboard.

    Ever heard of hardware drivers?
  • »08.01.17 - 10:54
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  • Order of the Butterfly
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    ppcamiga1
    Posts: 215 from 2015/8/23
    Hardware drivers will be easier to made if future mos will be based on unix.
  • »08.01.17 - 20:11
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    Kronos
    Posts: 2242 from 2003/2/24
    Yeah and even more pointless as everybody will just USE "unix".


    MorphOS (and AmigaOS,RiscOS,BeOS) can only stay relevant as long as they don't turn into YALD.

    And yes for the general population BSDs are YALD.
  • »08.01.17 - 20:24
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  • Jim
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    Jim
    Posts: 4977 from 2009/1/28
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    Quote:

    Kronos wrote:
    Yeah and even more pointless as everybody will just USE "unix".


    MorphOS (and AmigaOS,RiscOS,BeOS) can only stay relevant as long as they don't turn into YALD.

    And yes for the general population BSDs are YALD.


    UNIX, BSD (UNIX again), Linux (a kernel with UNIX pretensions), ALL closely related monolithic kernel based OS'.

    Not at all similar to Amiga related operating systems.
    Again (and again, and again...), if I freaking wanted to use a Linux like OS, I'd use one.
    If MorphOS was based on something like that, it would lose a lot of its appeal for me.
    "Never attribute to malice what can more readily explained by incompetence"
  • »08.01.17 - 21:07
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  • Paladin of the Pegasos
    Paladin of the Pegasos
    Intuition
    Posts: 1110 from 2013/5/24
    From: Nederland
    Quote:

    ppcamiga1 wrote:
    Future version od morphos should be unix with amiga gui and graphics.



    What you want already exists https://www.aeros-os.org/

    Knock yourself out.
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  • »08.01.17 - 21:55
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